Marshalling a.k.a Serialization
Def 1: Marshalling is the process of transforming the memory representation of an object to a data format suitable for storage or transmission. It's typically used when data must be moved between different parts of a computer program or from one program to another.
Source: Wikipedia
Def 2: The process of gathering data and transforming it into a standard format before it is transmitted over a network so that the data can transcend network boundaries. In order for an object to be moved around a network, it must be converted into a data stream that corresponds with the packet structure of the network transfer protocol. This conversion is known as data marshalling. Data pieces are collected in a message buffer before they are marshaled. When the data is transmitted, the receiving computer converts the marshaled data back into an object.
Data marshalling is also required when passing the output parameters of a program written in one language as input to a program written in another language.
Source: Webopedia